Which statement is correct regarding the valence electrons in conductors?

In conductors, the electrical conductivity is primarily determined by the behavior of valence electrons. Metals, which are commonly used as conductors, generally have very few valence electrons, typically one to three. This small number of valence electrons allows them to move freely throughout the material, facilitating the flow of electric current.

When valence electrons are loosely bound to their atoms, they can easily move from one atom to another, enabling the conduction of electricity. The fewer valence electrons present, the more readily they can participate in electrical conduction. This property is what makes metals like copper, aluminum, and gold excellent conductors.

In contrast, materials with many valence electrons tend to form stronger bonds that restrict the movement of electrons, inhibiting their ability to conduct electricity effectively. This highlights why having very few valence electrons is characteristic of good conductors.