Which of the following best describes a short circuit?

A short circuit is best described as a direct connection that bypasses the load. In electrical terms, a short circuit occurs when the electric current takes a path of lower resistance than intended, allowing it to flow directly from one point in the circuit to another without passing through the load. This often happens due to damaged insulation, faulty wiring, or incorrect connections, creating a path that is essentially a shortcut for the electricity.

When a short circuit occurs, it can result in a significant increase in current flow, which can lead to overheating, equipment damage, or even fire hazards. Therefore, understanding that a short circuit bypasses the load is crucial for both safety and the proper functioning of electrical systems.

In this context, a path with nowhere for the current to go does not accurately describe the nature of a short circuit, as the current indeed has a path to flow through. A complete circuit with a load outlines a functioning circuit rather than a fault condition like a short circuit. A circuit with high resistance also does not describe a short circuit, as short circuits are characterized by very low resistance, enabling excessive current flow.